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Biography |
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------Professor Jian Cao has been with Northwestern University (NU) since she received her Ph.D. degree in solid mechanics from M.I.T. in 1995. She received her M.S. degree from M.I.T. and the dual B.S. degrees in Materials Engineering and Automatic Control from Shanghai JiaoTong University (SJTU). She is now a Professor and the Director of Graduate Studies at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at NU and a visiting ChangJiang Professor of SJTU. Prof. Cao took a one-year leave at General Motors in FY1996 and a two-year leave at the National Science Foundation in FY2004 and 2005 as a program director. During that short two-year period at NSF, under her leadership, the World Technology Evaluation Study on Micromanufacturing was conducted and co-sponsored by four government agencies and more than ten NSF programs. Prof. Cao's primary interests are in the mechanics analysis and design of macro/micro metal forming, composite sheet forming processes and laser processes. Her research contributions in understanding of material instability in the deformation process have advanced the predictability of numerical simulations and been implemented in companies’ engineering practice. Her research also includes intelligent process design algorithms considering process variations and utilizing real-time sensors; efficient simulation tools; and more recently on incremental forming process, micro-texturing engineering surfaces and its applications in energy efficiency and production, and on the size effect in material deformation and friction behavior in microforming processes. She has more than 200 technical publications and has given more than 80 invited talks.
------Professor Cao’s research has earned her many honors and awards. Prof. Cao is a recipient of the General Electric Foundation Professorship, ALCOA Foundation Award, the National Science Foundation CAREER award, Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Ralph R. Teetor Educational Award, Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME) Outstanding Young Manufacturing Engineer Award, the Young Investigator Award from the Japan-US Flexible Automation, and the Young Investigator Award from the ASME Applied Mechanics Division.
------Professor Cao is a Fellow of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and an associate member of the International Academy for Production Engineering (CIRP). She is an associate editor for the ASME Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering and the ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics. She is an active member of ASME, including currently as the Chair of Committee on Administration and Finance of Technical Communities and the Vice-Chair of Manufacturing Technology Group, and previously as Chair of the Executive Committee of ASME Manufacturing Engineering Division. She received the Distinguished Service Award from ASME/MED in 2009. In addition to her involvement with ASME, Prof. Cao is the President-Elect of the Executive Board of SME North America Manufacturing Research Institute, a member of the Scientific Board of European Scientific Association for Material Forming, and a co-director of the NSF Summer Institute on Nanomechanics, Nanomaterials and Micro/Nanomanufacturing.
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Jian Cao,
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Northwestern University
U.S.A |
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Abstract |
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Manufacturing Processes to Increase Energy Efficiency and Energy Independency |
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------Manufacturing has enormous opportunities to make transformative contributions to increasing the efficiency in energy utilization and to facilitating the development of economic means of energy production. In this talk, two topics will be presented to address the topic of energy efficiency, i.e., engineering surface texturing and forming processes.
------Surface interface is inevitable in engineering systems. It has been noted that friction/wear consumes about one third of total energy generated. Traditional friction and wear reduction strategies include: reduction of the surface roughness of contact parts, deposition of low friction coatings on the substrate surfaces, and lubrication of the interface. A relatively new approach is the creation of surface texture features in the micro-scale range on the surface of the interface part. What are the effects of surface texture in nature and in engineering systems? What is the desired texture of an engineering surface? How to impose the desired texture onto engineering materials? Over the years, we have been working on the modelling and the fabrication of surface texturing methods. Our work has demonstrated that significant tribological improvements for friction reduction are achieved when properly designed dimples are formed on the surface of contacting parts. Potential new applications of surface texturing will be presented to stimulate discussions and new ideas for increasing energy independency.
------As we advance our understandings of fundamental material behaviour, process mechanics and systems, and as we develop new sensors and simulation tools, research in manufacturing has showed great progresses in advancing the efficiency for mass production or in creating innovative process and system for customized production. Here in this talk, examples related to forming processes will be given to illustrate this general trend, which include microforming and incremental forming. Microforming refers to the forming of feature sizes between 1 micrometers and 100 micrometers. Challenges and new developments in mass production of metallic parts with microfeatures will be presented. Incremental forming deforms a metal piece point by point through an active control of forming tools. It has shown great process flexibility and a significant increase in forming limit to reduce material consumption. These two advantages have placed this incremental forming process as an alternative process for low volume and flexible sheet metal production. We have investigated two important aspects for this process, i.e., a new process configuration to further increase the process capability in terms of the part geometry that can be formed; and the methodology for tool path generation specifically tailed to the incremental forming process.
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